Transthoracic Echocardiogram

What is a Transthoracic Echocardiogram?

An echocardiogram is a medical exam carried out using a probe that emits ultrasound (sound waves) to obtain images of the heart.

It allows you to see the heart working in real time and to assess the size and shape, function of the heart muscle (the myocardium) and of the valves and the flow of blood through the large blood vessels. The Doppler study evaluates the blood flow patterns and speeds through the different cardiac structures.

It is also possible to take 3D images of the heart and calculate the Strain.

What is the purpose of this examination? What are the indications?

Your doctor may order an echocardiogram to assess the structure and function of your heart. Symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath on exertion or palpitations can raise the suspicion of problems affecting the heart muscle, the valves or the membrane surrounding the heart (the pericardium), structures that are easily assessed using this test.

Modern equipment, such as the ones in our Echo laboratory, enables detailed assessment of the global and regional function of the heart muscle, such as strain analysis, quantifying valve problems and, if appropriate, generating three-dimensional (3D /4D) images in real time.

Are there any risks? 

There are no significant associated risks - ultrasounds are harmless to health and are painless.

How is a Transthoracic Echocardiogram performed?

• The Transthoracic Echocardiogram is performed by a cardiologist or a technician (cardiac sonographer) specialized in echocardiography, all with extensive experience in this field.
• The examination is carried out with the patient lying down, after removing the clothes from the waist up and putting on a gown. 
• Electrodes are placed on the chest to monitor the heart rhythm and blood pressure is measured. 
• The light in the room is dimmed so that the images on the ultrasound screen can be seen properly.
• On the chest, a transparent gel is applied and the probe or transducer is then placed. This transducer emits and receives a beam of ultrasound reflected by the various structures as it passes through, translating them into images on the ultrasound monitor. The probe will be slid over the chest, belly and neck so that images of the heart can be obtained from different perspectives.
• The time it takes to perform this examination varies and is usually between 15 and 30 minutes, but can be up to 60 minutes in more complex cases.
• After the exam, you can return to your normal daily routine.

How should you prepare for the exam?

• No special preparation is required for the examination.
• You can take your usual medication and there is no need to fast.

On the day of the exam:

• Bring previous and recent cardiac exams (e.g. Echocardiogram, Electrocardiogram (ECG), Treadmill Stress test, Cardiac CT, Coronary angiography, Surgical report - if you have had surgery), other reports and blood tests.
• Bring all medication.
• Arrive 30 minutes before the scheduled time.
• Go to Floor Zero - Outpatient Consultations - Special Exams unit.