In recent months, the rise in cases of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), particularly in China, has raised global concerns. Although this virus is not new, it is being closely monitored by health authorities, including in Portugal. In this article, we explain what HMPV is, how it can affect health, and why we should be aware of the symptoms and preventive measures.
What is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?
HMPV was first identified in 2001 and is a respiratory virus, belonging to the same family as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which is well known for causing respiratory illnesses in young children and the elderly. Although not a new virus, its behaviour and spread deserve attention, particularly because, in some cases, it can lead to serious complications, such as bronchitis and pneumonia.
What are the symptoms?
HMPV presents typical respiratory infection symptoms, such as cough, fever, blocked nose, shortness of breath, and sore throat. These symptoms may be milder in healthy individuals but are more severe in young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. In these age groups and risk categories, HMPV can progress to more severe conditions, such as bronchitis or pneumonia, and in rare cases, even lead to fatal complications.
Increase in cases
Recently, there has been a significant rise in HMPV infections in China, particularly among children and adolescents, which has raised concerns about the virus's evolution. Chinese authorities have emphasised the importance of hygiene precautions and social distancing measures to prevent its spread, although they have ruled out the immediate risk of a new pandemic, similar to COVID-19.
Experts believe the increase in cases may be linked to improved diagnostic technologies, which now allow for easier identification of HMPV, as well as increased social contacts during holiday and celebration periods. However, the number of infections and the severe complications observed so far are not alarming.
What are the best prevention methods?
- Wash hands frequently, especially after coughing, sneezing, or being in public places.
- Wear a mask in enclosed spaces or where social distancing is not possible.
- Maintain physical distancing, especially in crowded places.
- Ensure ventilation in enclosed spaces, allowing for fresh air circulation.
- Avoid close contact with individuals showing symptoms of respiratory illnesses.
The evolution of HMPV will be monitored in the coming months, and it is essential that everyone continues to adopt preventive practices to protect public health. If you experience symptoms of a respiratory infection or require further information about HMPV, consult your doctor. Staying informed and taking preventive measures can make all the difference in protecting your health.
17, January 2025
