Bilateral pneumonia affects both lungs, significantly impairing respiratory function. This condition can be caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. Risk factors include advanced age, chronic diseases (such as diabetes and heart disease), smoking, and a weakened immune system.
Typical symptoms of bilateral pneumonia include persistent cough, high fever, difficulty breathing, chest pain, and extreme fatigue. In severe cases, patients may experience confusion due to reduced oxygen levels in the blood. Diagnosis is made through clinical examination and additional tests such as X-rays and computed tomography, which allow for the assessment of the extent of the infection and the identification of potential complications, such as abscesses or pleural effusions.
The treatment of bilateral pneumonia depends on its cause. If bacterial, antibiotics are essential, while viral infections typically require supportive treatment with antivirals or other specific medications, depending on the infectious agent. In severe cases, hospitalisation may be necessary for intensive monitoring, oxygen administration, or, in critical situations, mechanical ventilation. Recovery can be prolonged, and medical follow-up is crucial to prevent long-term complications.
Prevention of bilateral pneumonia involves general respiratory protection measures, such as vaccination against flu and pneumonia, especially for high-risk groups such as the elderly and those with chronic diseases. Hand hygiene, wearing a mask in high-risk environments, and avoiding contact with sick individuals are also key to reducing the risk of infection. Additionally, maintaining a healthy lifestyle that includes a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking can strengthen the immune system and help prevent respiratory diseases. In cases of persistent respiratory symptoms or worsening conditions, it is essential to seek timely medical attention to avoid severe complications.
20, February 2025